17. Al-Isra (الإسراء)
بِسمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحمـٰنِ الرَّحيمِ
Verse 1
سُبحـٰنَ الَّذى أَسرىٰ بِعَبدِهِ لَيلًا مِنَ المَسجِدِ الحَرامِ إِلَى المَسجِدِ الأَقصَا الَّذى بـٰرَكنا حَولَهُ لِنُرِيَهُ مِن ءايـٰتِنا ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّميعُ البَصيرُ
Translation
Glory be to the One Who took His slave [Muhammad] by night from the Sacred Mosque [in Makkah] to the Aqsā Mosque [in Jerusalem] whose surroundings We have blessed, so that We may show him some of Our signs. Indeed, He is the All-Hearing, the All-Seeing.
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Verse 2
وَءاتَينا موسَى الكِتـٰبَ وَجَعَلنـٰهُ هُدًى لِبَنى إِسرٰءيلَ أَلّا تَتَّخِذوا مِن دونى وَكيلًا
Translation
We gave Moses the Scripture and made it a guide for the Children of Israel, “Do not take besides Me anyone as a Disposer of Affairs[1].
Footnotes
[1] i.e., rely upon none except Allah, for He alone is the Disposer of Affairs of the whole universe.
[1] i.e., rely upon none except Allah, for He alone is the Disposer of Affairs of the whole universe.
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Verse 3
ذُرِّيَّةَ مَن حَمَلنا مَعَ نوحٍ ۚ إِنَّهُ كانَ عَبدًا شَكورًا
Translation
O descendants of those whom We carried [on board] with Noah[1]. He was indeed a grateful slave.”
Footnotes
[1] The Children of Israel are given the reference of Prophet Noah (عليه السلام); to follow him for being dutiful and thankful to Allah.
[1] The Children of Israel are given the reference of Prophet Noah (عليه السلام); to follow him for being dutiful and thankful to Allah.
Tafsir
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Verse 4
وَقَضَينا إِلىٰ بَنى إِسرٰءيلَ فِى الكِتـٰبِ لَتُفسِدُنَّ فِى الأَرضِ مَرَّتَينِ وَلَتَعلُنَّ عُلُوًّا كَبيرًا
Translation
We declared to the Children of Israel in the Scripture, “You will surely spread corruption on earth twice, and you will surely become exceedingly arrogant[1].
Footnotes
[1] Allah foretold them out of infinite knowledge about future events.
[1] Allah foretold them out of infinite knowledge about future events.
Tafsir
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Verse 5
فَإِذا جاءَ وَعدُ أولىٰهُما بَعَثنا عَلَيكُم عِبادًا لَنا أُولى بَأسٍ شَديدٍ فَجاسوا خِلـٰلَ الدِّيارِ ۚ وَكانَ وَعدًا مَفعولًا
Translation
When the first of the two warnings came to pass, We sent against you some of Our slaves of great might, and they ravaged through the land[1]; this warning was bound to be fulfilled[2].
Footnotes
[1] killing them and plundering. [2] i.e., the punishment they were promised for their first transgressions.
[1] killing them and plundering. [2] i.e., the punishment they were promised for their first transgressions.
Tafsir
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Verse 6
ثُمَّ رَدَدنا لَكُمُ الكَرَّةَ عَلَيهِم وَأَمدَدنـٰكُم بِأَموٰلٍ وَبَنينَ وَجَعَلنـٰكُم أَكثَرَ نَفيرًا
Translation
Then We gave you the upper hand over them and strengthened you with wealth and children, and made you greater in number.
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Verse 7
إِن أَحسَنتُم أَحسَنتُم لِأَنفُسِكُم ۖ وَإِن أَسَأتُم فَلَها ۚ فَإِذا جاءَ وَعدُ الـٔاخِرَةِ لِيَسـۥـٔوا وُجوهَكُم وَلِيَدخُلُوا المَسجِدَ كَما دَخَلوهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَلِيُتَبِّروا ما عَلَوا تَتبيرًا
Translation
If you do good, it is for your own good, but if you do evil, it is to your own loss. Then when the second warning came to pass, your enemies would disgrace and suppress you[1], and enter the Temple [of Jerusalem][2] as they entered it the first time, and utterly destroy whatever fell into their power[3].
Footnotes
[1] By killing, taking hostage, submission and humiliation. [2] Bayt al-Maqdis. [3] It would be a total wreckage.
[1] By killing, taking hostage, submission and humiliation. [2] Bayt al-Maqdis. [3] It would be a total wreckage.
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Verse 8
عَسىٰ رَبُّكُم أَن يَرحَمَكُم ۚ وَإِن عُدتُم عُدنا ۘ وَجَعَلنا جَهَنَّمَ لِلكـٰفِرينَ حَصيرًا
Translation
Your Lord may bestow mercy upon you, but if you return [to sin], We will return [to punishment][1]. And We have made Hell a prison for the disbelievers.”
Footnotes
[1] After this great affliction, Allah would give them back their lost sovereignty, but if they revert back to their old rebellious ways then the way of Allah is never changing.
[1] After this great affliction, Allah would give them back their lost sovereignty, but if they revert back to their old rebellious ways then the way of Allah is never changing.
Tafsir
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Verse 9
إِنَّ هـٰذَا القُرءانَ يَهدى لِلَّتى هِىَ أَقوَمُ وَيُبَشِّرُ المُؤمِنينَ الَّذينَ يَعمَلونَ الصّـٰلِحـٰتِ أَنَّ لَهُم أَجرًا كَبيرًا
Translation
Indeed, this Qur’an guides to what is most upright and gives glad tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a great reward.
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Verse 10
وَأَنَّ الَّذينَ لا يُؤمِنونَ بِالـٔاخِرَةِ أَعتَدنا لَهُم عَذابًا أَليمًا
Translation
And that those who do not believe in the Hereafter, We have prepared for them a painful punishment.
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Verse 11
وَيَدعُ الإِنسـٰنُ بِالشَّرِّ دُعاءَهُ بِالخَيرِ ۖ وَكانَ الإِنسـٰنُ عَجولًا
Translation
Man prays for evil as he prays for good, for man is ever hasty[1].
Footnotes
[1] i.e., becomes impatient and acts without forethought.
[1] i.e., becomes impatient and acts without forethought.
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Verse 12
وَجَعَلنَا الَّيلَ وَالنَّهارَ ءايَتَينِ ۖ فَمَحَونا ءايَةَ الَّيلِ وَجَعَلنا ءايَةَ النَّهارِ مُبصِرَةً لِتَبتَغوا فَضلًا مِن رَبِّكُم وَلِتَعلَموا عَدَدَ السِّنينَ وَالحِسابَ ۚ وَكُلَّ شَىءٍ فَصَّلنـٰهُ تَفصيلًا
Translation
We have made the day and night as two signs. We darkened the night and made the day bright, so that you may seek your Lord’s bounty and know the number of years and calculation [of time]. And We have expounded everything in detail.
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Verse 13
وَكُلَّ إِنسـٰنٍ أَلزَمنـٰهُ طـٰئِرَهُ فى عُنُقِهِ ۖ وَنُخرِجُ لَهُ يَومَ القِيـٰمَةِ كِتـٰبًا يَلقىٰهُ مَنشورًا
Translation
We have bound every man’s deeds to his neck[1]. On the Day of Resurrection, We will bring forth for him a record which he will find spread open.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., after showing guidance for him, he is responsible for his own destiny.
[1] i.e., after showing guidance for him, he is responsible for his own destiny.
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Verse 14
اقرَأ كِتـٰبَكَ كَفىٰ بِنَفسِكَ اليَومَ عَلَيكَ حَسيبًا
Translation
[It will be said,] “Read your record; this Day you are sufficient to take account of yourself[1].”
Footnotes
[1] Everyone will be dealt with justly.
[1] Everyone will be dealt with justly.
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Verse 15
مَنِ اهتَدىٰ فَإِنَّما يَهتَدى لِنَفسِهِ ۖ وَمَن ضَلَّ فَإِنَّما يَضِلُّ عَلَيها ۚ وَلا تَزِرُ وازِرَةٌ وِزرَ أُخرىٰ ۗ وَما كُنّا مُعَذِّبينَ حَتّىٰ نَبعَثَ رَسولًا
Translation
Whoever accepts guidance, it is only for his own good; and whoever goes astray, it is only for his own loss. No bearer of burden will bear the burden of another, nor do We punish until We have sent a messenger[1].
Footnotes
[1] The disbelievers will have no excuse whatsoever.
[1] The disbelievers will have no excuse whatsoever.
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Verse 16
وَإِذا أَرَدنا أَن نُهلِكَ قَريَةً أَمَرنا مُترَفيها فَفَسَقوا فيها فَحَقَّ عَلَيهَا القَولُ فَدَمَّرنـٰها تَدميرًا
Translation
Whenever We decide to destroy a town, We command its affluent ones [to obey Allah] but they defiantly disobey, so the punishment becomes inevitable, and We destroy it completely.
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Verse 17
وَكَم أَهلَكنا مِنَ القُرونِ مِن بَعدِ نوحٍ ۗ وَكَفىٰ بِرَبِّكَ بِذُنوبِ عِبادِهِ خَبيرًا بَصيرًا
Translation
How many generations We have destroyed since the time of Noah[1]! Your Lord is sufficient as All-Aware and All-Seeing of the sins of His slaves[2].
Footnotes
[1] Warning them of the consequences of the previously destroyed nations. [2] The address here shifts to Muhammad (ﷺ) to assure him that Allah will bring them to account.
[1] Warning them of the consequences of the previously destroyed nations. [2] The address here shifts to Muhammad (ﷺ) to assure him that Allah will bring them to account.
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Verse 18
مَن كانَ يُريدُ العاجِلَةَ عَجَّلنا لَهُ فيها ما نَشاءُ لِمَن نُريدُ ثُمَّ جَعَلنا لَهُ جَهَنَّمَ يَصلىٰها مَذمومًا مَدحورًا
Translation
Whoever desires this fleeting life[1], We hasten therein whatever We will to whoever We please. Then We prepare for him Hell, which he will enter, despised and rejected.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., worldly pleasures.
[1] i.e., worldly pleasures.
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Verse 19
وَمَن أَرادَ الـٔاخِرَةَ وَسَعىٰ لَها سَعيَها وَهُوَ مُؤمِنٌ فَأُولـٰئِكَ كانَ سَعيُهُم مَشكورًا
Translation
But whoever desires the Hereafter and strives for it as he should, being a believer – it is those whose efforts will be appreciated[1].
Footnotes
[1] Allah will accept their good deeds, multiply their reward, and overlook their sins.
[1] Allah will accept their good deeds, multiply their reward, and overlook their sins.
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Verse 20
كُلًّا نُمِدُّ هـٰؤُلاءِ وَهـٰؤُلاءِ مِن عَطاءِ رَبِّكَ ۚ وَما كانَ عَطاءُ رَبِّكَ مَحظورًا
Translation
We give both – the latter and the former – from the bounty of your Lord, and Your Lord’s bounty is not restricted[1].
Footnotes
[1] Allah gives provision for all in the life of this world without exception.
[1] Allah gives provision for all in the life of this world without exception.
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Verse 21
انظُر كَيفَ فَضَّلنا بَعضَهُم عَلىٰ بَعضٍ ۚ وَلَلـٔاخِرَةُ أَكبَرُ دَرَجـٰتٍ وَأَكبَرُ تَفضيلًا
Translation
See how We have favored some over others [in this world], but the Hereafter has higher ranks and greater degrees of excellence for some over others[1].
Footnotes
[1] In beauty, wealth, power, knowledge, etc; as a test for them, to see how they react.
[1] In beauty, wealth, power, knowledge, etc; as a test for them, to see how they react.
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Verse 22
لا تَجعَل مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلـٰهًا ءاخَرَ فَتَقعُدَ مَذمومًا مَخذولًا
Translation
Do not set up with Allah any other god, or else you will be despised and forsaken[1].
Footnotes
[1] Having none to thank them for it, nor support them in the least.
[1] Having none to thank them for it, nor support them in the least.
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Verse 23
وَقَضىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلّا تَعبُدوا إِلّا إِيّاهُ وَبِالوٰلِدَينِ إِحسـٰنًا ۚ إِمّا يَبلُغَنَّ عِندَكَ الكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُما أَو كِلاهُما فَلا تَقُل لَهُما أُفٍّ وَلا تَنهَرهُما وَقُل لَهُما قَولًا كَريمًا
Translation
Your Lord has ordained that you worship none but Him, and show kindness to parents. If one or both of them reach old age in your care, do not say to them a word of annoyance[1] nor scold them, rather speak to them noble words,
Footnotes
[1] ’uff: an expression of irritation and disapproval.
[1] ’uff: an expression of irritation and disapproval.
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Verse 24
وَاخفِض لَهُما جَناحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحمَةِ وَقُل رَبِّ ارحَمهُما كَما رَبَّيانى صَغيرًا
Translation
and lower to them the wing of humility[1] out of mercy, and say, “My Lord, have mercy upon them as they raised me when I was small[2].”
Footnotes
[1] It is a metaphor; i.e., shows the parents the utmost humbleness like a bird lowering its wing as it hugs its young or so. [2] For they are at their weakest phase of life, similar to what he was in his early childhood.
[1] It is a metaphor; i.e., shows the parents the utmost humbleness like a bird lowering its wing as it hugs its young or so. [2] For they are at their weakest phase of life, similar to what he was in his early childhood.
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Verse 25
رَبُّكُم أَعلَمُ بِما فى نُفوسِكُم ۚ إِن تَكونوا صـٰلِحينَ فَإِنَّهُ كانَ لِلأَوّٰبينَ غَفورًا
Translation
Your Lord knows best what is in your hearts. If you are righteous, He is All-Forgiving to those who constantly turn to Him.
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Verse 26
وَءاتِ ذَا القُربىٰ حَقَّهُ وَالمِسكينَ وَابنَ السَّبيلِ وَلا تُبَذِّر تَبذيرًا
Translation
Give relatives their due, and the needy and the stranded travelers, and do not spend wastefully.
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Verse 27
إِنَّ المُبَذِّرينَ كانوا إِخوٰنَ الشَّيـٰطينِ ۖ وَكانَ الشَّيطـٰنُ لِرَبِّهِ كَفورًا
Translation
Indeed, the wasteful are Satans’ brothers[1], and Satan is ever ungrateful to his Lord[2].
Footnotes
[1] Islam is a religion of moderation and good consideration; neither wastefully nor stingily, but moderate. [2] Disbelievers are the most ungrateful ones as they rebel against Allah's commands instead of showing obedience to Him, for they follow the way of the devil towards Allah.
[1] Islam is a religion of moderation and good consideration; neither wastefully nor stingily, but moderate. [2] Disbelievers are the most ungrateful ones as they rebel against Allah's commands instead of showing obedience to Him, for they follow the way of the devil towards Allah.
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Verse 28
وَإِمّا تُعرِضَنَّ عَنهُمُ ابتِغاءَ رَحمَةٍ مِن رَبِّكَ تَرجوها فَقُل لَهُم قَولًا مَيسورًا
Translation
But if you must turn away from [those in need] while hoping to receive bounty from your Lord[1], then say to them words of comfort.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., if you have nothing to give them now.
[1] i.e., if you have nothing to give them now.
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Verse 29
وَلا تَجعَل يَدَكَ مَغلولَةً إِلىٰ عُنُقِكَ وَلا تَبسُطها كُلَّ البَسطِ فَتَقعُدَ مَلومًا مَحسورًا
Translation
Do not be too tight-fisted[1], nor too open-handed[2], for you will end up blameworthy and destitute.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., stingy. [2] i.e., extravagant.
[1] i.e., stingy. [2] i.e., extravagant.
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Verse 30
إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَبسُطُ الرِّزقَ لِمَن يَشاءُ وَيَقدِرُ ۚ إِنَّهُ كانَ بِعِبادِهِ خَبيرًا بَصيرًا
Translation
Your Lord extends provision to whom He wills or restricts it[1]. He is All-Aware and All-Seeing of His slaves.
Footnotes
[1] He gives or withholds wealth according to what is best for the person concerned and what they would do with it if he is provided with it.
[1] He gives or withholds wealth according to what is best for the person concerned and what they would do with it if he is provided with it.
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Verse 31
وَلا تَقتُلوا أَولـٰدَكُم خَشيَةَ إِملـٰقٍ ۖ نَحنُ نَرزُقُهُم وَإِيّاكُم ۚ إِنَّ قَتلَهُم كانَ خِطـًٔا كَبيرًا
Translation
Do not kill your children for fear of poverty[1], for We provide for them and for you. Indeed, killing them is a great sin.
Footnotes
[1] Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (رضي الله عنه) reported: “I said: “O Messenger of Allah, what is the greatest sin?” He said: “That you set up rivals with Allah, when He is the One Who created you!” Then I said: “What is next?” He said: “That you kill your child because he eats with you!” [Al-Bukhāri: 6811].
[1] Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (رضي الله عنه) reported: “I said: “O Messenger of Allah, what is the greatest sin?” He said: “That you set up rivals with Allah, when He is the One Who created you!” Then I said: “What is next?” He said: “That you kill your child because he eats with you!” [Al-Bukhāri: 6811].
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Verse 32
وَلا تَقرَبُوا الزِّنىٰ ۖ إِنَّهُ كانَ فـٰحِشَةً وَساءَ سَبيلًا
Translation
Do not go near adultery[1], for it is indeed a shameful act and an evil way.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., avoid all things that might lead to it.
[1] i.e., avoid all things that might lead to it.
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Verse 33
وَلا تَقتُلُوا النَّفسَ الَّتى حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلّا بِالحَقِّ ۗ وَمَن قُتِلَ مَظلومًا فَقَد جَعَلنا لِوَلِيِّهِ سُلطـٰنًا فَلا يُسرِف فِى القَتلِ ۖ إِنَّهُ كانَ مَنصورًا
Translation
Do not kill any soul that Allah has forbidden, except in the course of justice. If anyone is killed wrongfully, We have given his heir authority [of compensation], but he should not exceed the bounds in killing, for he is already supported [by law].
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Verse 34
وَلا تَقرَبوا مالَ اليَتيمِ إِلّا بِالَّتى هِىَ أَحسَنُ حَتّىٰ يَبلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ ۚ وَأَوفوا بِالعَهدِ ۖ إِنَّ العَهدَ كانَ مَسـٔولًا
Translation
Do not approach the property of an orphan except with good [intent][1], until he reaches maturity; and fulfill the covenant, for you will certainly be questioned about the covenant.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., to improve, increase, or preserve it.
[1] i.e., to improve, increase, or preserve it.
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Verse 35
وَأَوفُوا الكَيلَ إِذا كِلتُم وَزِنوا بِالقِسطاسِ المُستَقيمِ ۚ ذٰلِكَ خَيرٌ وَأَحسَنُ تَأويلًا
Translation
Give full measure when you measure, and weigh with accurate scales; that is fair and best in the end[1].
Footnotes
[1] Fair dealing is best, for it brings blessing, psychological calm, and reward in the Hereafter.
[1] Fair dealing is best, for it brings blessing, psychological calm, and reward in the Hereafter.
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Verse 36
وَلا تَقفُ ما لَيسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلمٌ ۚ إِنَّ السَّمعَ وَالبَصَرَ وَالفُؤادَ كُلُّ أُولـٰئِكَ كانَ عَنهُ مَسـٔولًا
Translation
Do not follow[1] that of which you have no knowledge. Indeed, the hearing, the sight, and the heart, all of them will be called to account.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., do not say or assume.
[1] i.e., do not say or assume.
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Verse 37
وَلا تَمشِ فِى الأَرضِ مَرَحًا ۖ إِنَّكَ لَن تَخرِقَ الأَرضَ وَلَن تَبلُغَ الجِبالَ طولًا
Translation
Do not walk on the earth arrogantly; you cannot cleave the earth, nor can you reach the mountains in height[1].
Footnotes
[1] Man is indeed a weak and small creature, then why arrogance?!
[1] Man is indeed a weak and small creature, then why arrogance?!
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Verse 38
كُلُّ ذٰلِكَ كانَ سَيِّئُهُ عِندَ رَبِّكَ مَكروهًا
Translation
The evil of all these actions is hateful to your Lord.
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Verse 39
ذٰلِكَ مِمّا أَوحىٰ إِلَيكَ رَبُّكَ مِنَ الحِكمَةِ ۗ وَلا تَجعَل مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلـٰهًا ءاخَرَ فَتُلقىٰ فى جَهَنَّمَ مَلومًا مَدحورًا
Translation
This is part of the wisdom that your Lord has revealed to you [O Prophet]. Do not set up any other god with Allah, or you will be thrown into Hell, blameworthy and rejected[1].
Footnotes
[1] i.e., self-reproached and blamed by others for this miserable end, as well as shut away from all good.
[1] i.e., self-reproached and blamed by others for this miserable end, as well as shut away from all good.
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Verse 40
أَفَأَصفىٰكُم رَبُّكُم بِالبَنينَ وَاتَّخَذَ مِنَ المَلـٰئِكَةِ إِنـٰثًا ۚ إِنَّكُم لَتَقولونَ قَولًا عَظيمًا
Translation
Has your Lord favored you with sons and has taken for Himself angels as daughters[1]? You are indeed making a monstrous claim.
Footnotes
[1] Their feeble argument is debunked and refuted concerning the issue of purity of Faith and Monotheism. Although preferring male over female is a heathen way; yet, how would Allah, the Omnipotent Creator, accept for Himself what they do not accept for themselves? (cf. 37:149-155). They worshiped the angels based on the claim that they were Allah’s daughters. (cf. 43:19-20).
[1] Their feeble argument is debunked and refuted concerning the issue of purity of Faith and Monotheism. Although preferring male over female is a heathen way; yet, how would Allah, the Omnipotent Creator, accept for Himself what they do not accept for themselves? (cf. 37:149-155). They worshiped the angels based on the claim that they were Allah’s daughters. (cf. 43:19-20).
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Verse 41
وَلَقَد صَرَّفنا فى هـٰذَا القُرءانِ لِيَذَّكَّروا وَما يَزيدُهُم إِلّا نُفورًا
Translation
We have explained things in various ways in this Qur’an, so that they may take heed, but it only increases them in aversion[1].
Footnotes
[1] “We send down the Qur’an as a healing and mercy for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss.” See below 17:82.
[1] “We send down the Qur’an as a healing and mercy for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss.” See below 17:82.
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Verse 42
قُل لَو كانَ مَعَهُ ءالِهَةٌ كَما يَقولونَ إِذًا لَابتَغَوا إِلىٰ ذِى العَرشِ سَبيلًا
Translation
Say, “If there were other gods besides Him – as they claim – they would have surely sought a way to the Lord of the Throne[1].”
Footnotes
[1] To please Him or take over His Throne.
[1] To please Him or take over His Throne.
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Verse 43
سُبحـٰنَهُ وَتَعـٰلىٰ عَمّا يَقولونَ عُلُوًّا كَبيرًا
Translation
Glorified and Highly Exalted is He far above what they claim!
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Verse 44
تُسَبِّحُ لَهُ السَّمـٰوٰتُ السَّبعُ وَالأَرضُ وَمَن فيهِنَّ ۚ وَإِن مِن شَىءٍ إِلّا يُسَبِّحُ بِحَمدِهِ وَلـٰكِن لا تَفقَهونَ تَسبيحَهُم ۗ إِنَّهُ كانَ حَليمًا غَفورًا
Translation
The seven heavens and the earth, and all those in them glorify Him. There is not a single thing that does not glorify Him with His praise, but you do not understand their glorification. Indeed, He is Most Forbearing, All-Forgiving.
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Verse 45
وَإِذا قَرَأتَ القُرءانَ جَعَلنا بَينَكَ وَبَينَ الَّذينَ لا يُؤمِنونَ بِالـٔاخِرَةِ حِجابًا مَستورًا
Translation
When you recite the Qur’an, We place between you and those who do not believe in the Hereafter an invisible barrier[1].
Footnotes
[1] Preventing guidance from them, for their aversion.
[1] Preventing guidance from them, for their aversion.
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Verse 46
وَجَعَلنا عَلىٰ قُلوبِهِم أَكِنَّةً أَن يَفقَهوهُ وَفى ءاذانِهِم وَقرًا ۚ وَإِذا ذَكَرتَ رَبَّكَ فِى القُرءانِ وَحدَهُ وَلَّوا عَلىٰ أَدبـٰرِهِم نُفورًا
Translation
We have placed covers on their hearts so that they do not understand it, and deafness in their ears[1]. When you mention your Lord alone in the Qur’an, they turn their backs in aversion.
Footnotes
[1] This is in return for their hatred toward the truth and the ingrained disease of doubt in their hearts.
[1] This is in return for their hatred toward the truth and the ingrained disease of doubt in their hearts.
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Verse 47
نَحنُ أَعلَمُ بِما يَستَمِعونَ بِهِ إِذ يَستَمِعونَ إِلَيكَ وَإِذ هُم نَجوىٰ إِذ يَقولُ الظّـٰلِمونَ إِن تَتَّبِعونَ إِلّا رَجُلًا مَسحورًا
Translation
We are well aware of what they wish to hear when they listen to you, and what they say when they converse in private, when the wrongdoers say, “You are not following but a bewitched man.”
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Verse 48
انظُر كَيفَ ضَرَبوا لَكَ الأَمثالَ فَضَلّوا فَلا يَستَطيعونَ سَبيلًا
Translation
See how they call you names[1]! Thus they have gone astray and cannot find a way.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., a poet, a madman, bewitched, etc.
[1] i.e., a poet, a madman, bewitched, etc.
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Verse 49
وَقالوا أَءِذا كُنّا عِظـٰمًا وَرُفـٰتًا أَءِنّا لَمَبعوثونَ خَلقًا جَديدًا
Translation
They say, “What! When we are turned into bones and dust, will we really be resurrected as a new creation?”
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Verse 50
قُل كونوا حِجارَةً أَو حَديدًا
Translation
Say, “Be you stones or iron[1],
Footnotes
[1] i.e., even if you could be stones or iron in hardness or in power.
[1] i.e., even if you could be stones or iron in hardness or in power.
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Verse 51
أَو خَلقًا مِمّا يَكبُرُ فى صُدورِكُم ۚ فَسَيَقولونَ مَن يُعيدُنا ۖ قُلِ الَّذى فَطَرَكُم أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ۚ فَسَيُنغِضونَ إِلَيكَ رُءوسَهُم وَيَقولونَ مَتىٰ هُوَ ۖ قُل عَسىٰ أَن يَكونَ قَريبًا
Translation
or any other substance you think is harder[1] to bring back to life.” They will then say, “Who will bring us back [to life]?” Say, “The One Who created you the first time.” They will shake their heads[2] at you and say, “When will that be?” Say, “Perhaps it is soon.”
Footnotes
[1] Such as the heavens and the earth. [2] In ridicule and disbelief.
[1] Such as the heavens and the earth. [2] In ridicule and disbelief.
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Verse 52
يَومَ يَدعوكُم فَتَستَجيبونَ بِحَمدِهِ وَتَظُنّونَ إِن لَبِثتُم إِلّا قَليلًا
Translation
On the Day when He calls you, you will respond by praising Him, thinking that you had not stayed [on earth] except for a little while.
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Verse 53
وَقُل لِعِبادى يَقولُوا الَّتى هِىَ أَحسَنُ ۚ إِنَّ الشَّيطـٰنَ يَنزَغُ بَينَهُم ۚ إِنَّ الشَّيطـٰنَ كانَ لِلإِنسـٰنِ عَدُوًّا مُبينًا
Translation
Tell My slaves that they should say what is best[1], for Satan sows discord among them. Indeed, Satan is a sworn enemy to mankind.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., they should be considerate and kind, well-spoken, and tolerant to win hearts.
[1] i.e., they should be considerate and kind, well-spoken, and tolerant to win hearts.
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Verse 54
رَبُّكُم أَعلَمُ بِكُم ۖ إِن يَشَأ يَرحَمكُم أَو إِن يَشَأ يُعَذِّبكُم ۚ وَما أَرسَلنـٰكَ عَلَيهِم وَكيلًا
Translation
Your Lord knows you best: if He wills, He will have mercy on you; or if He wills, He will punish you. We have not sent you [O Prophet] to be in charge of them[1].
Footnotes
[1] The mission of the Prophet (ﷺ) was only delivering the Message; their guidance and holding to account is up to Allah Almighty.
[1] The mission of the Prophet (ﷺ) was only delivering the Message; their guidance and holding to account is up to Allah Almighty.
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Verse 55
وَرَبُّكَ أَعلَمُ بِمَن فِى السَّمـٰوٰتِ وَالأَرضِ ۗ وَلَقَد فَضَّلنا بَعضَ النَّبِيّـۧنَ عَلىٰ بَعضٍ ۖ وَءاتَينا داوۥدَ زَبورًا
Translation
Your Lord knows best all those in the heavens and on earth[1]. We have surely favored some prophets over others, and We gave David the Psalms[2].
Footnotes
[1] Allah knows all and what they deserve. [2] Al-Zabūr is revealed to Prophet David (عليه السلام); al-zabūr (pl. zubūr) originally is every book that contains wisdom. See 3:184.
[1] Allah knows all and what they deserve. [2] Al-Zabūr is revealed to Prophet David (عليه السلام); al-zabūr (pl. zubūr) originally is every book that contains wisdom. See 3:184.
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Verse 56
قُلِ ادعُوا الَّذينَ زَعَمتُم مِن دونِهِ فَلا يَملِكونَ كَشفَ الضُّرِّ عَنكُم وَلا تَحويلًا
Translation
Say, “Call upon those whom you claimed [to be gods] besides Him; they have no power to remove harm or avert it from you.”
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Verse 57
أُولـٰئِكَ الَّذينَ يَدعونَ يَبتَغونَ إِلىٰ رَبِّهِمُ الوَسيلَةَ أَيُّهُم أَقرَبُ وَيَرجونَ رَحمَتَهُ وَيَخافونَ عَذابَهُ ۚ إِنَّ عَذابَ رَبِّكَ كانَ مَحذورًا
Translation
Those whom they call upon seek means of nearness to their Lord, each trying to become closer, hoping for His Mercy and fearing His punishment[1]. Indeed, the punishment of your Lord is fearsome.
Footnotes
[1] Such as angels, prophets, righteous believers, etc.
[1] Such as angels, prophets, righteous believers, etc.
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Verse 58
وَإِن مِن قَريَةٍ إِلّا نَحنُ مُهلِكوها قَبلَ يَومِ القِيـٰمَةِ أَو مُعَذِّبوها عَذابًا شَديدًا ۚ كانَ ذٰلِكَ فِى الكِتـٰبِ مَسطورًا
Translation
There is no [disbelieving] town except that We will destroy it before the Day of Resurrection or punish it severely[1]. This is written in the Record[2].
Footnotes
[1] Due to the disbelief and sins of its inhabitants. [2] i.e., the Preserved Tablet.
[1] Due to the disbelief and sins of its inhabitants. [2] i.e., the Preserved Tablet.
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Verse 59
وَما مَنَعَنا أَن نُرسِلَ بِالـٔايـٰتِ إِلّا أَن كَذَّبَ بِهَا الأَوَّلونَ ۚ وَءاتَينا ثَمودَ النّاقَةَ مُبصِرَةً فَظَلَموا بِها ۚ وَما نُرسِلُ بِالـٔايـٰتِ إِلّا تَخويفًا
Translation
Nothing prevents Us from sending signs except that the earlier people denied them[1]. We gave Thamūd the she-camel as a clear sign, but they wrongfully rejected her[2]. We do not send signs except as a warning.
Footnotes
[1] So that the pagans of Makkah do do not face the consequences of the earlier nations. [2] i.e., they committed an injustice by hamstringing the she-camel.
[1] So that the pagans of Makkah do do not face the consequences of the earlier nations. [2] i.e., they committed an injustice by hamstringing the she-camel.
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Verse 60
وَإِذ قُلنا لَكَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ أَحاطَ بِالنّاسِ ۚ وَما جَعَلنَا الرُّءيَا الَّتى أَرَينـٰكَ إِلّا فِتنَةً لِلنّاسِ وَالشَّجَرَةَ المَلعونَةَ فِى القُرءانِ ۚ وَنُخَوِّفُهُم فَما يَزيدُهُم إِلّا طُغيـٰنًا كَبيرًا
Translation
And [remember, O Prophet] when We told you, “Your Lord encompasses all people [with His knowledge and might][1].” We did not make the sight which We showed you[2] except as a test for people, as well as the cursed tree [mentioned] in the Qur’an. We keep threatening them, yet it only increases them to greater transgression.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., Allah will protect you (ﷺ) from their harm. [2] During the journey of mi‘rāj (ascension) to the heavens.
[1] i.e., Allah will protect you (ﷺ) from their harm. [2] During the journey of mi‘rāj (ascension) to the heavens.
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Verse 61
وَإِذ قُلنا لِلمَلـٰئِكَةِ اسجُدوا لِـٔادَمَ فَسَجَدوا إِلّا إِبليسَ قالَ ءَأَسجُدُ لِمَن خَلَقتَ طينًا
Translation
And [remember] when We said to the angels, “Prostrate to Adam;” they all prostrated except Iblīs, who said, “Should I prostrate to whom You created from clay?”
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Verse 62
قالَ أَرَءَيتَكَ هـٰذَا الَّذى كَرَّمتَ عَلَىَّ لَئِن أَخَّرتَنِ إِلىٰ يَومِ القِيـٰمَةِ لَأَحتَنِكَنَّ ذُرِّيَّتَهُ إِلّا قَليلًا
Translation
He added, “Do You see this one whom You have honored above me? If you give me respite until the Day of Resurrection, I will surely overpower his offspring, except for a few[1].”
Footnotes
[1] i.e., tempt and lead them astray.
[1] i.e., tempt and lead them astray.
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Verse 63
قالَ اذهَب فَمَن تَبِعَكَ مِنهُم فَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ جَزاؤُكُم جَزاءً مَوفورًا
Translation
Allah said, “Be gone[1]! Whoever among them follows you, Hell will be an ample recompense for you all.
Footnotes
[1] This and the next commands were actually a threat.
[1] This and the next commands were actually a threat.
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Verse 64
وَاستَفزِز مَنِ استَطَعتَ مِنهُم بِصَوتِكَ وَأَجلِب عَلَيهِم بِخَيلِكَ وَرَجِلِكَ وَشارِكهُم فِى الأَموٰلِ وَالأَولـٰدِ وَعِدهُم ۚ وَما يَعِدُهُمُ الشَّيطـٰنُ إِلّا غُرورًا
Translation
Entice with your voice whoever of them you can; mobilize against them your cavalry and infantry; manipulate them in their wealth[1] and children[2], and make promises to them.” But Satan does not promise them except delusion[3].
Footnotes
[1] i.e., earning and spending them sinfully. [2] i.e., having them through fornication, raising them in disbelief, and giving them names implying servitude to other than Allah. [3] i.e., deception and fraudulence.
[1] i.e., earning and spending them sinfully. [2] i.e., having them through fornication, raising them in disbelief, and giving them names implying servitude to other than Allah. [3] i.e., deception and fraudulence.
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Verse 65
إِنَّ عِبادى لَيسَ لَكَ عَلَيهِم سُلطـٰنٌ ۚ وَكَفىٰ بِرَبِّكَ وَكيلًا
Translation
“You will have no authority over My slaves.” And sufficient is your Lord as a Guardian.
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Verse 66
رَبُّكُمُ الَّذى يُزجى لَكُمُ الفُلكَ فِى البَحرِ لِتَبتَغوا مِن فَضلِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كانَ بِكُم رَحيمًا
Translation
It is your Lord Who makes the ships sail for you through the sea, so that you may seek of His bounty. Indeed, He is ever Merciful to you.
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Verse 67
وَإِذا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فِى البَحرِ ضَلَّ مَن تَدعونَ إِلّا إِيّاهُ ۖ فَلَمّا نَجّىٰكُم إِلَى البَرِّ أَعرَضتُم ۚ وَكانَ الإِنسـٰنُ كَفورًا
Translation
When hardship strikes you at sea, you forget all those whom you invoke besides Him[1]. Then when He brings you safe to the land, you turn away. Mankind is ever ungrateful.
Footnotes
[1] Upon the conquest of Makkah, ‘Ikrimah ibn Abī Jahl along with his companions fled to the sea. He pledged in the sea that if he was saved from the storm that hit their boat, he would embrace Islam, so he fulfilled his pledge and announced his Islam.
[1] Upon the conquest of Makkah, ‘Ikrimah ibn Abī Jahl along with his companions fled to the sea. He pledged in the sea that if he was saved from the storm that hit their boat, he would embrace Islam, so he fulfilled his pledge and announced his Islam.
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Verse 68
أَفَأَمِنتُم أَن يَخسِفَ بِكُم جانِبَ البَرِّ أَو يُرسِلَ عَلَيكُم حاصِبًا ثُمَّ لا تَجِدوا لَكُم وَكيلًا
Translation
Do you feel secure that He will not make some part of the land swallow you up, or send against you a storm of stones? Thereupon you will find none to protect you.
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Verse 69
أَم أَمِنتُم أَن يُعيدَكُم فيهِ تارَةً أُخرىٰ فَيُرسِلَ عَلَيكُم قاصِفًا مِنَ الرّيحِ فَيُغرِقَكُم بِما كَفَرتُم ۙ ثُمَّ لا تَجِدوا لَكُم عَلَينا بِهِ تَبيعًا
Translation
Or do you feel secure that He will not send you back [to sea] once again, and send upon you a violent storm to drown you on account of your disbelief? Thereupon you will find none to help you against Us[1].
Footnotes
[1] To demand restitution.
[1] To demand restitution.
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Verse 70
وَلَقَد كَرَّمنا بَنى ءادَمَ وَحَمَلنـٰهُم فِى البَرِّ وَالبَحرِ وَرَزَقنـٰهُم مِنَ الطَّيِّبـٰتِ وَفَضَّلنـٰهُم عَلىٰ كَثيرٍ مِمَّن خَلَقنا تَفضيلًا
Translation
We have honored the children of Adam, carried them on land and sea, provided for them good things[1] and favored them above many of those whom We have created.
Footnotes
[1] By bestowing them with intellectual abilities and making angels prostrate to their father, Adam. Furthermore, Allah subjected other creatures to them, as they mount with dignity their means of transportation both on land and in the sea. Allah also provided them with good food, drinks, and spouses, etc.
[1] By bestowing them with intellectual abilities and making angels prostrate to their father, Adam. Furthermore, Allah subjected other creatures to them, as they mount with dignity their means of transportation both on land and in the sea. Allah also provided them with good food, drinks, and spouses, etc.
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Verse 71
يَومَ نَدعوا كُلَّ أُناسٍ بِإِمـٰمِهِم ۖ فَمَن أوتِىَ كِتـٰبَهُ بِيَمينِهِ فَأُولـٰئِكَ يَقرَءونَ كِتـٰبَهُم وَلا يُظلَمونَ فَتيلًا
Translation
On the Day when We will summon every community with its leader[1]. Those who are given their record in their right hand will read their record [happily]; they will not be wronged even as much as the thread of a date stone.
Footnotes
[1] Or what they followed in their worldly life.
[1] Or what they followed in their worldly life.
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Verse 72
وَمَن كانَ فى هـٰذِهِ أَعمىٰ فَهُوَ فِى الـٔاخِرَةِ أَعمىٰ وَأَضَلُّ سَبيلًا
Translation
But whoever was blind [from the truth][1] in this life will be even blinder in the Hereafter and further astray from the right way.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., refused to see the truth.
[1] i.e., refused to see the truth.
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Verse 73
وَإِن كادوا لَيَفتِنونَكَ عَنِ الَّذى أَوحَينا إِلَيكَ لِتَفتَرِىَ عَلَينا غَيرَهُ ۖ وَإِذًا لَاتَّخَذوكَ خَليلًا
Translation
They were about to tempt you away from what We have revealed to you [O Prophet] so that you would fabricate something else and attribute it to Us; then they would have surely taken you as a close friend.
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Verse 74
وَلَولا أَن ثَبَّتنـٰكَ لَقَد كِدتَ تَركَنُ إِلَيهِم شَيـًٔا قَليلًا
Translation
Had We not made you stand firm, you would nearly have inclined to them a little.
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Verse 75
إِذًا لَأَذَقنـٰكَ ضِعفَ الحَيوٰةِ وَضِعفَ المَماتِ ثُمَّ لا تَجِدُ لَكَ عَلَينا نَصيرًا
Translation
In that case, We would have made you taste double punishment, both in this life and after death. Thereupon you would have found no helper against Us.
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Verse 76
وَإِن كادوا لَيَستَفِزّونَكَ مِنَ الأَرضِ لِيُخرِجوكَ مِنها ۖ وَإِذًا لا يَلبَثونَ خِلـٰفَكَ إِلّا قَليلًا
Translation
They were about to provoke you so as to drive you out of the land [of Makkah], but then they would not have remained after you, except for a little while[1].
Footnotes
[1] Makkah was completely cleared of the Prophet's enemies only ten years after his emigration.
[1] Makkah was completely cleared of the Prophet's enemies only ten years after his emigration.
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Verse 77
سُنَّةَ مَن قَد أَرسَلنا قَبلَكَ مِن رُسُلِنا ۖ وَلا تَجِدُ لِسُنَّتِنا تَحويلًا
Translation
Such was Our way with the messengers We sent before you, and you will find no change in Our way.
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Verse 78
أَقِمِ الصَّلوٰةَ لِدُلوكِ الشَّمسِ إِلىٰ غَسَقِ الَّيلِ وَقُرءانَ الفَجرِ ۖ إِنَّ قُرءانَ الفَجرِ كانَ مَشهودًا
Translation
Establish prayer at the decline of the sun until the darkness of the night, and the recitation of dawn [prayer][1], for the recitation of dawn is ever witnessed [by the angels][2].
Footnotes
[1] i.e., the zuhr, asr, maghrib, and ‘ishā’ prayers. [2] i.e., the fajr prayer, in which the recitation of the Qur’an is prolonged, for it is witnessed by angels. This verse alluded to all five obligatory daily prayers.
[1] i.e., the zuhr, asr, maghrib, and ‘ishā’ prayers. [2] i.e., the fajr prayer, in which the recitation of the Qur’an is prolonged, for it is witnessed by angels. This verse alluded to all five obligatory daily prayers.
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Verse 79
وَمِنَ الَّيلِ فَتَهَجَّد بِهِ نافِلَةً لَكَ عَسىٰ أَن يَبعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقامًا مَحمودًا
Translation
And wake up during the night and pray, as an additional prayer for you [O Prophet], so your Lord may raise you to a praised status[1].
Footnotes
[1] Al-Maqām al-Mahmūd (the position of the Grand Intercession) is granted to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).
[1] Al-Maqām al-Mahmūd (the position of the Grand Intercession) is granted to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ).
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Verse 80
وَقُل رَبِّ أَدخِلنى مُدخَلَ صِدقٍ وَأَخرِجنى مُخرَجَ صِدقٍ وَاجعَل لى مِن لَدُنكَ سُلطـٰنًا نَصيرًا
Translation
And say, “My Lord, make me enter an honorable entrance[1] and make me exit an honorable exit[2], and grant me from Yourself a supporting authority.”
Footnotes
[1] Into Madinah while emigration, all entrances, or into the grave. [2] From Makkah, all exits, or at the resurrection.
[1] Into Madinah while emigration, all entrances, or into the grave. [2] From Makkah, all exits, or at the resurrection.
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Verse 81
وَقُل جاءَ الحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ البـٰطِلُ ۚ إِنَّ البـٰطِلَ كانَ زَهوقًا
Translation
And say, “The truth has come and falsehood has perished. Indeed, falsehood is bound to perish[1].”
Footnotes
[1] Abdullāh Ibn Mas‘ūd (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “The Prophet (ﷺ) entered Makkah on the day of its conquest, and there were around 360 idols around the Ka‘bah. He went on thrusting them with a stick in his hand making them tumble down and saying: “The Truth has come and falsehood has perished...” [al-Bukhārī: 87; Muslim: 1781]
[1] Abdullāh Ibn Mas‘ūd (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “The Prophet (ﷺ) entered Makkah on the day of its conquest, and there were around 360 idols around the Ka‘bah. He went on thrusting them with a stick in his hand making them tumble down and saying: “The Truth has come and falsehood has perished...” [al-Bukhārī: 87; Muslim: 1781]
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Verse 82
وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ القُرءانِ ما هُوَ شِفاءٌ وَرَحمَةٌ لِلمُؤمِنينَ ۙ وَلا يَزيدُ الظّـٰلِمينَ إِلّا خَسارًا
Translation
We send down the Qur’an as a healing and mercy[1] for the believers, but it does not increase the wrongdoers except in loss.
Footnotes
[1] Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (رضي الله عنه) reported that: “Some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out on a journey and they passed by an Arabian tribe. The chief of that tribe was bitten by a snake. They went to them and sought their help. A person amongst us said: “I shall treat him with ruqyah (incantation). But I shall not treat him unless you reward us. We asked you for your hospitality and you refused!” They agreed to give us a herd of goats. So he went to him and recited Surat al-Fātihah and blew over him. The chief was invigorated and went on walking with no sign of ailment. They gave them the agreed reward. Some of the Companions said: “Let us divide it!” Others said: “Do not, until you reach the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), tell him what has happened and see what he bids us do”. They went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him. He said: “How did you come to know that it can be used as ruqyah? You have done the right thing. Divide it and allocate a share for me” [al-Bukhārī: 5749; Muslim: 2201]. ‘Ā’ishah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “When ill, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to recite al-Mu‘awwidhāt (the Sheltering surahs, al-Falaq and al-Nās) and blow. When his sickness got worse, I used to recite them over him and rub his body with his own hand seeking its blessing” [Al-Bukhārī: 5016; Muslim: 2192].
[1] Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī (رضي الله عنه) reported that: “Some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set out on a journey and they passed by an Arabian tribe. The chief of that tribe was bitten by a snake. They went to them and sought their help. A person amongst us said: “I shall treat him with ruqyah (incantation). But I shall not treat him unless you reward us. We asked you for your hospitality and you refused!” They agreed to give us a herd of goats. So he went to him and recited Surat al-Fātihah and blew over him. The chief was invigorated and went on walking with no sign of ailment. They gave them the agreed reward. Some of the Companions said: “Let us divide it!” Others said: “Do not, until you reach the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), tell him what has happened and see what he bids us do”. They went to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and told him. He said: “How did you come to know that it can be used as ruqyah? You have done the right thing. Divide it and allocate a share for me” [al-Bukhārī: 5749; Muslim: 2201]. ‘Ā’ishah (رضي الله عنه) narrated that: “When ill, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to recite al-Mu‘awwidhāt (the Sheltering surahs, al-Falaq and al-Nās) and blow. When his sickness got worse, I used to recite them over him and rub his body with his own hand seeking its blessing” [Al-Bukhārī: 5016; Muslim: 2192].
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Verse 83
وَإِذا أَنعَمنا عَلَى الإِنسـٰنِ أَعرَضَ وَنَـٔا بِجانِبِهِ ۖ وَإِذا مَسَّهُ الشَّرُّ كانَ يَـٔوسًا
Translation
When We bestow favor upon man, he turns away and distances himself, but when evil befalls him, he is in utter despair.
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Verse 84
قُل كُلٌّ يَعمَلُ عَلىٰ شاكِلَتِهِ فَرَبُّكُم أَعلَمُ بِمَن هُوَ أَهدىٰ سَبيلًا
Translation
Say, “Everyone acts in his own way[1], but your Lord knows best whose way is best guided.”
Footnotes
[1] Say to them O Prophet, continue in your way of disbelief, with which you are satisfied; I will continue with my path of guidance.
[1] Say to them O Prophet, continue in your way of disbelief, with which you are satisfied; I will continue with my path of guidance.
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Verse 85
وَيَسـَٔلونَكَ عَنِ الرّوحِ ۖ قُلِ الرّوحُ مِن أَمرِ رَبّى وَما أوتيتُم مِنَ العِلمِ إِلّا قَليلًا
Translation
They ask you [O Prophet] about the spirit[1]. Say, “The spirit is of the affair of my Lord, and you have not been given knowledge except a little.”
Footnotes
[1] i.e., the spirit that sustains life in the body, according to most exegetes; it is also said to be the Archangel Gabriel.
[1] i.e., the spirit that sustains life in the body, according to most exegetes; it is also said to be the Archangel Gabriel.
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Verse 86
وَلَئِن شِئنا لَنَذهَبَنَّ بِالَّذى أَوحَينا إِلَيكَ ثُمَّ لا تَجِدُ لَكَ بِهِ عَلَينا وَكيلًا
Translation
If We willed, We could surely take away what We have revealed to you, then you would find no guardian to plead its return from Us;
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Verse 87
إِلّا رَحمَةً مِن رَبِّكَ ۚ إِنَّ فَضلَهُ كانَ عَلَيكَ كَبيرًا
Translation
nevertheless it is a mercy from your Lord[1], for His favor to you is truly great.
Footnotes
[1] Allah would not take away the Qur’an, out of mercy to His Prophet and to His servants.
[1] Allah would not take away the Qur’an, out of mercy to His Prophet and to His servants.
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Verse 88
قُل لَئِنِ اجتَمَعَتِ الإِنسُ وَالجِنُّ عَلىٰ أَن يَأتوا بِمِثلِ هـٰذَا القُرءانِ لا يَأتونَ بِمِثلِهِ وَلَو كانَ بَعضُهُم لِبَعضٍ ظَهيرًا
Translation
Say, “If all humans and jinn were to come together to produce something similar to this Qur’an, they would not be able to produce the like of it, even if they collaborated with one another[1].”
Footnotes
[1] The miraculousness of the Qur’an and its inimitability lie in both its word and meaning.
[1] The miraculousness of the Qur’an and its inimitability lie in both its word and meaning.
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Verse 89
وَلَقَد صَرَّفنا لِلنّاسِ فى هـٰذَا القُرءانِ مِن كُلِّ مَثَلٍ فَأَبىٰ أَكثَرُ النّاسِ إِلّا كُفورًا
Translation
We have explained every kind of example[1] for mankind in this Qur’an, yet most people persist in disbelief.
Footnotes
[1] i.e., proofs, admonitions, similitudes, and stories, so that people of sound reason may take heed.
[1] i.e., proofs, admonitions, similitudes, and stories, so that people of sound reason may take heed.
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Verse 90
وَقالوا لَن نُؤمِنَ لَكَ حَتّىٰ تَفجُرَ لَنا مِنَ الأَرضِ يَنبوعًا
Translation
They say, “We will never believe in you until you cause a spring to gush forth for us from the earth[1],
Footnotes
[1] Showing miracles are of no use, even if it is catastrophic to them.
[1] Showing miracles are of no use, even if it is catastrophic to them.
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Verse 91
أَو تَكونَ لَكَ جَنَّةٌ مِن نَخيلٍ وَعِنَبٍ فَتُفَجِّرَ الأَنهـٰرَ خِلـٰلَها تَفجيرًا
Translation
or until you have a garden of date palms and grapevines, and you cause rivers to flow abundantly in their midst,
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Verse 92
أَو تُسقِطَ السَّماءَ كَما زَعَمتَ عَلَينا كِسَفًا أَو تَأتِىَ بِاللَّهِ وَالمَلـٰئِكَةِ قَبيلًا
Translation
or you make the sky to fall upon us in pieces – as you claim – or bring Allah and the angels before us face to face,
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Verse 93
أَو يَكونَ لَكَ بَيتٌ مِن زُخرُفٍ أَو تَرقىٰ فِى السَّماءِ وَلَن نُؤمِنَ لِرُقِيِّكَ حَتّىٰ تُنَزِّلَ عَلَينا كِتـٰبًا نَقرَؤُهُ ۗ قُل سُبحانَ رَبّى هَل كُنتُ إِلّا بَشَرًا رَسولًا
Translation
or until you have a house of gold, or you ascend to heaven, and even then we will never believe in your ascension unless you bring down to us a book which we can read.” Say, “Glory be to my Lord! Am I anything but a human, sent as a messenger?”
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Verse 94
وَما مَنَعَ النّاسَ أَن يُؤمِنوا إِذ جاءَهُمُ الهُدىٰ إِلّا أَن قالوا أَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ بَشَرًا رَسولًا
Translation
Nothing prevented people from believing when guidance came to them except that they said, “Has Allah sent a human as a messenger?”
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Verse 95
قُل لَو كانَ فِى الأَرضِ مَلـٰئِكَةٌ يَمشونَ مُطمَئِنّينَ لَنَزَّلنا عَلَيهِم مِنَ السَّماءِ مَلَكًا رَسولًا
Translation
Say, “If there had been angels walking on earth peacefully, We would have certainly sent down to them from the heaven an angel as a messenger.”
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Verse 96
قُل كَفىٰ بِاللَّهِ شَهيدًا بَينى وَبَينَكُم ۚ إِنَّهُ كانَ بِعِبادِهِ خَبيرًا بَصيرًا
Translation
Say, “Allah is Sufficient as a witness between me and you. He is indeed All-Aware, All-Seeing of His slaves.”
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Verse 97
وَمَن يَهدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ المُهتَدِ ۖ وَمَن يُضلِل فَلَن تَجِدَ لَهُم أَولِياءَ مِن دونِهِ ۖ وَنَحشُرُهُم يَومَ القِيـٰمَةِ عَلىٰ وُجوهِهِم عُميًا وَبُكمًا وَصُمًّا ۖ مَأوىٰهُم جَهَنَّمُ ۖ كُلَّما خَبَت زِدنـٰهُم سَعيرًا
Translation
Whoever Allah guides is truly guided; and whoever He causes to stray, you will find none to protect them besides Him. On the Day of Resurrection, We will gather [and drag] them on their faces – deaf, dumb and blind. Their abode will be Hell; every time it subsides, We will flare it up for them[1].
Footnotes
[1] As a consequence of his own preference.
[1] As a consequence of his own preference.
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Verse 98
ذٰلِكَ جَزاؤُهُم بِأَنَّهُم كَفَروا بِـٔايـٰتِنا وَقالوا أَءِذا كُنّا عِظـٰمًا وَرُفـٰتًا أَءِنّا لَمَبعوثونَ خَلقًا جَديدًا
Translation
That will be their recompense because they rejected Our verses and said, “What! When we are turned into bones and crumbled particles, will we really be raised as a new creation?”
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Verse 99
أَوَلَم يَرَوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ الَّذى خَلَقَ السَّمـٰوٰتِ وَالأَرضَ قادِرٌ عَلىٰ أَن يَخلُقَ مِثلَهُم وَجَعَلَ لَهُم أَجَلًا لا رَيبَ فيهِ فَأَبَى الظّـٰلِمونَ إِلّا كُفورًا
Translation
Do they not see that Allah, Who created the heavens and earth, is able to create the like of them? He has decreed for them an appointed time, about which there is no doubt, yet the wrongdoers persist in denial.
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Verse 100
قُل لَو أَنتُم تَملِكونَ خَزائِنَ رَحمَةِ رَبّى إِذًا لَأَمسَكتُم خَشيَةَ الإِنفاقِ ۚ وَكانَ الإِنسـٰنُ قَتورًا
Translation
Say, “If you were to own the treasuries of my Lord’s mercy, you would surely hold them back for fear of spending, for man is ever miserly.”
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Verse 101
وَلَقَد ءاتَينا موسىٰ تِسعَ ءايـٰتٍ بَيِّنـٰتٍ ۖ فَسـَٔل بَنى إِسرٰءيلَ إِذ جاءَهُم فَقالَ لَهُ فِرعَونُ إِنّى لَأَظُنُّكَ يـٰموسىٰ مَسحورًا
Translation
We gave Moses nine clear signs. Ask the Children of Israel when he came to them, Pharaoh said to him, “O Moses, I certainly think that you are bewitched[1].”
Footnotes
[1] Makkans are warned by his example not to hasten their punishment by asking for miracles that they would not believe.
[1] Makkans are warned by his example not to hasten their punishment by asking for miracles that they would not believe.
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Verse 102
قالَ لَقَد عَلِمتَ ما أَنزَلَ هـٰؤُلاءِ إِلّا رَبُّ السَّمـٰوٰتِ وَالأَرضِ بَصائِرَ وَإِنّى لَأَظُنُّكَ يـٰفِرعَونُ مَثبورًا
Translation
Moses said, “You already know that none sent down these [signs] except the Lord of the heavens and earth as clear proofs, and I certainly think that you, O Pharaoh, are doomed!”
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Verse 103
فَأَرادَ أَن يَستَفِزَّهُم مِنَ الأَرضِ فَأَغرَقنـٰهُ وَمَن مَعَهُ جَميعًا
Translation
So he decided to exile them out of the land, but We drowned him and all those who were with him.
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Verse 104
وَقُلنا مِن بَعدِهِ لِبَنى إِسرٰءيلَ اسكُنُوا الأَرضَ فَإِذا جاءَ وَعدُ الـٔاخِرَةِ جِئنا بِكُم لَفيفًا
Translation
Thereafter[1] We said to the Children of Israel, “Dwell in the land, but when the promise of the Hereafter comes, We will bring you all together.”
Footnotes
[1] After the drowning of Pharaoh and his people.
[1] After the drowning of Pharaoh and his people.
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Verse 105
وَبِالحَقِّ أَنزَلنـٰهُ وَبِالحَقِّ نَزَلَ ۗ وَما أَرسَلنـٰكَ إِلّا مُبَشِّرًا وَنَذيرًا
Translation
With the truth We have sent down this [Qur’an] and with the truth it has descended[1], and We have not sent you [O Prophet] except as a bearer of glad tidings and a warner.
Footnotes
[1] It is repeated twice in the face of the ardent denial of the pagans of Makkah and their demand to provide them with miracles, asserting here that the Qur’an is a revelation from Allah: it contains truthful news and just rulings, as it is sent down by Gabriel (عليه السلام), the strong and trustworthy, to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), safeguarded against the devils, free from alteration, additions or omission, throughout all times.
[1] It is repeated twice in the face of the ardent denial of the pagans of Makkah and their demand to provide them with miracles, asserting here that the Qur’an is a revelation from Allah: it contains truthful news and just rulings, as it is sent down by Gabriel (عليه السلام), the strong and trustworthy, to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), safeguarded against the devils, free from alteration, additions or omission, throughout all times.
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Verse 106
وَقُرءانًا فَرَقنـٰهُ لِتَقرَأَهُ عَلَى النّاسِ عَلىٰ مُكثٍ وَنَزَّلنـٰهُ تَنزيلًا
Translation
This is a Qur’an that We have revealed over stages so that you may recite it to people at a slower pace, and We have sent it down in a successive manner[1].
Footnotes
[1] In separate segments, one coming after another over the duration of 23 years of his mission.
[1] In separate segments, one coming after another over the duration of 23 years of his mission.
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Verse 107
قُل ءامِنوا بِهِ أَو لا تُؤمِنوا ۚ إِنَّ الَّذينَ أوتُوا العِلمَ مِن قَبلِهِ إِذا يُتلىٰ عَلَيهِم يَخِرّونَ لِلأَذقانِ سُجَّدًا
Translation
Say, “Believe in it, or do not believe. Those who were given knowledge before it[1], when it is recited to them, they fall on their faces in prostration,
Footnotes
[1] Of the People of the Book who recognize the truth.
[1] Of the People of the Book who recognize the truth.
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Verse 108
وَيَقولونَ سُبحـٰنَ رَبِّنا إِن كانَ وَعدُ رَبِّنا لَمَفعولًا
Translation
and they say, “Glory be to our Lord. The promise of our Lord is bound to be fulfilled.”
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Verse 109
وَيَخِرّونَ لِلأَذقانِ يَبكونَ وَيَزيدُهُم خُشوعًا ۩
Translation
They fall down on their faces weeping, and it increases their humility.”
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Verse 110
قُلِ ادعُوا اللَّهَ أَوِ ادعُوا الرَّحمـٰنَ ۖ أَيًّا ما تَدعوا فَلَهُ الأَسماءُ الحُسنىٰ ۚ وَلا تَجهَر بِصَلاتِكَ وَلا تُخافِت بِها وَابتَغِ بَينَ ذٰلِكَ سَبيلًا
Translation
Say, “Call upon Allah or call upon the Most Compassionate[1] – whichever name you call, to Him belong the Most Beautiful Names.” Do not be too loud in your prayer, nor too quiet, but seek a way in between[2].
Footnotes
[1] The Makkans heard the Prophet (ﷺ) praying to Allah, once as Allah and on another occasion as Al-Rahmān, and claimed that he was praying to two different gods. [Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā, Ibn Taymiyyah, 14:15] Both are two Names for Allah, the One and Only God. [2] Abdullāh ibn Abbās (رضي الله عنهما) reported the reason behind the revelation of this verse: “It came down when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was lying low in Makkah. When he used to lead his Companions in Prayer and raise his voice and the pagans heard him, they would curse the Qur’an and He Who sent it down. So Allah said to His Messenger: “Do not raise your voice is Prayer upon which the pagans would hear you, yet not too quiet that your Companions may not hear you. Make them hear the Qur’an but do not raise your voice to that extent; seeking a middle way between them.” [Al-Bukhārī: 4722; Muslim: 446].
[1] The Makkans heard the Prophet (ﷺ) praying to Allah, once as Allah and on another occasion as Al-Rahmān, and claimed that he was praying to two different gods. [Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā, Ibn Taymiyyah, 14:15] Both are two Names for Allah, the One and Only God. [2] Abdullāh ibn Abbās (رضي الله عنهما) reported the reason behind the revelation of this verse: “It came down when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was lying low in Makkah. When he used to lead his Companions in Prayer and raise his voice and the pagans heard him, they would curse the Qur’an and He Who sent it down. So Allah said to His Messenger: “Do not raise your voice is Prayer upon which the pagans would hear you, yet not too quiet that your Companions may not hear you. Make them hear the Qur’an but do not raise your voice to that extent; seeking a middle way between them.” [Al-Bukhārī: 4722; Muslim: 446].
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Verse 111
وَقُلِ الحَمدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذى لَم يَتَّخِذ وَلَدًا وَلَم يَكُن لَهُ شَريكٌ فِى المُلكِ وَلَم يَكُن لَهُ وَلِىٌّ مِنَ الذُّلِّ ۖ وَكَبِّرهُ تَكبيرًا
Translation
And say, “All praise is for Allah Who has not taken a son, nor does He have any partner in His dominion, nor does He need any protector out of weakness. And proclaim His greatness immensely.”
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Translation source: QuranEnc.com - english_rwwad (2026-10-21 01:12:31 (v1.0.20-xml.1))
Quran text: Tanzil Project (CC BY 3.0), unmodified. tanzil.net